CKD
In CKD, renin release is dysregulated, which may blunt ANG II activity1
AKI
AKI is associated with elevated plasma renin concentrations, reflecting inadequate production of ANG II2
ARDS
Pulmonary endothelial injury reduces
ACE expression and activity in the lungs, leading to impaired ANG II generation and diminished vasoconstrictive response3
Decompensated liver disease
Cirrhosis and advanced liver disease are characterized by low ANG II production despite hypotension4
ACE=angiotensin converting enzyme; AKI=acute kidney injury; ANG=angiotensin; ARB=angiotensin receptor blocker; ARDS=acute respiratory distress syndrome; AT1=ANG II type 1; CKD=chronic kidney disease; ICU=intensive care unit; RAAS=renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
References: 1. Ma TK, et al. Br J Pharmacol. 2010;160(6):1273-1292. 2. Tumlin JA, et al. Crit Care Med. 2018;46(6):949-957. 3. Leisman DE, et al. Ann Intensive Care. 2023;13(1):128. 4. Sansoé G, et al. J Hepatol. 2004;40(3):417-423. 5. Bellomo R, et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020;202(9):1253-1261. 6. Vincent J-L, et al. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(18):1726-1734.
ACE=angiotensin converting enzyme; AKI=acute kidney injury; ANG=angiotensin; ARB=angiotensin receptor blocker; ARDS=acute respiratory distress syndrome; AT1=ANG II type 1; CKD=chronic kidney disease; ICU=intensive care unit; RAAS=renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
References: 1. Ma TK, et al. Br J Pharmacol. 2010;160(6):1273-1292. 2. Tumlin JA, et al. Crit Care Med. 2018;46(6):949-957. 3. Leisman DE, et al. Ann Intensive Care. 2023;13(1):128. 4. Sansoé G, et al. J Hepatol. 2004;40(3):417-423. 5. Bellomo R, et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020;202(9):1253-1261. 6. Vincent J-L, et al. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(18):1726-1734.
